> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.learningcommons.org/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Academic standards
> Reference for academic standards in Knowledge Graph: StandardsFramework and StandardsFrameworkItem from CASE Network 2, with cross-state comparison and alignment.
export const GatedBadge = ({size = "md", children}) => {
return
{children == null || children === "" ? "Gated" : typeof children === "string" ? children.trim() : children}
;
};
[Schema last updated September 23, 2025.](#schema-release-history)
## Overview
Academic standards in Knowledge Graph represent the official expectations for student learning in the four core subjects (Math, English Language Arts, Science, and Social Studies) across all U.S. states, as well as the WIDA English Language Development Standards for English language learners.
Our source for this dataset is [1EdTech’s CASE Network 2](https://casenetwork.1edtech.org/) ↗. The [CASE specification](https://www.imsglobal.org/activity/case) ↗ was designed to let states describe their standards with full fidelity to their own frameworks, an important feature for preserving each state’s intent. However; this state-by-state flexibility makes it difficult to analyze standards across states. We transformed the raw CASE data to conform to our schema, which allows standards to behave like a coherent, interconnected network rather than 50 separate, incompatible documents.
### Data updates
We incorporated academic standards from CASE Network2 into Knowledge Graph in May 2025. Since then, some standards may have evolved or been updated by state agencies. We will begin adding those updates into Knowledge Graph in May 2026.
To confirm the exact version of a standard you're working with in Knowledge Graph, check its `dateModified` field which contains the `lastChangeDateTime` from CASE.
Updates are on the way:
* **Updates across all subjects and states** will begin in May 2026.
* **A process for ongoing updates** will also be added to keep data up to date.
### Data characteristics
Each standards framework in our model is:
* **Authoritative**: Preserves the original source’s authorship, subject, adoption status, and content while enabling traceability back to the official publication.
* **Normalized**: Uses controlled vocabularies for key attributes like grade level and adoption status, ensuring that frameworks can be compared and integrated without manual translation.
* **Interoperable**: Structured to connect seamlessly with curriculum datasets, learning components, and assessments.
* **Machine-readable and human-interpretable**: Organized as a coherent graph with unique identifiers, enabling both straightforward human navigation and AI-powered discovery.
By serving as a standardized metadata layer for diverse state frameworks, the standards dataset enables cross-state comparisons, supports instructional alignment, and powers richer analytics. The harmonization process also ensures that developers can query standards without needing to understand state-specific quirks in naming or structure.
## Data relationship diagram
The diagram shows only the **standards** dataset. Other entity types (`LearningComponent`, `Course`) appear as connection targets; their models are in [Learning components](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/learning-components) and [Curriculum](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/curriculum).
**Example (New York):** A **StandardsFramework** is the root document for a jurisdiction’s standards—e.g. *New York State Mathematics Learning Standards*. That framework is one node. A **domain** is an organizational grouping within that framework (a type of `StandardsFrameworkItem` with `statementType` such as "Domain" or "Cluster"), e.g. *Operations and Algebraic Thinking* or *Number & Operations—Fractions*. **Standards** are the individual learning expectations (also `StandardsFrameworkItem`), often with codes like `3.NF.A.1`; they may sit under domains or under other groupings. The graph is a tree: framework → top-level items (e.g. domains) → … → leaf items (the actual standards).
**Edge list (source → relationship → target):**
* `StandardsFramework` → `hasChild` → `StandardsFrameworkItem` (e.g. New York Math framework → its top-level domains or groupings)
* `StandardsFrameworkItem` → `hasChild` → `StandardsFrameworkItem` (e.g. domain → cluster, or cluster → standard)
* `LearningComponent` → `supports` → `StandardsFrameworkItem` (granular skill supports a standard)
* `Course` → `hasEducationalAlignment` → `StandardsFrameworkItem` (curriculum aligns to a standard)
So: one framework roots a tree of items via `hasChild`; items can also be linked from learning components (`supports`) and from curriculum (`hasEducationalAlignment`). The diagram does not show learning-progression edges (`buildsTowards`, `relatesTo`); see [Learning progressions](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/learning-progressions).
## Entities
### StandardsFramework
The `StandardsFramework` entity represents a complete academic standards document published by an official body like a state department of education. They serve as the root entity that organizes and contextualizes all standards within a given framework.
#### Properties
| Property | Description | Type | Cardinality |
| :----------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :---------- |
| **academicSubject** | The academic subject. | [AcademicSubjectENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#academicsubjectenum) | 1 |
| **adoptionStatus** | The adoption status of a framework within a given jurisdiction or governing body. Indicates whether the document has been formally adopted, deprecated, proposed, or otherwise designated for use. | [AdoptionStatusENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#adoptionstatusenum) | 1 |
| **attributionStatement** | A textual credit that acknowledges the source or creator of a work, included when required by the content’s license (e.g., Creative Commons BY). The statement specifies how the creator should be attributed in accordance with the license terms. | String | 1 |
| **author** | The author of this content. | String | 1 |
| **caseIdentifierURI** | A URI referencing the equivalent item in the CASE Network published by 1EdTech. This identifier can be used to trace the corresponding standard or structural element in the CASE dataset and establish equivalence between the source and this local representation. | String | 1 |
| **caseIdentifierUUID** | A UUID referencing the equivalent item in the CASE Network published by 1EdTech. This identifier can be used to trace the corresponding standard or structural element in the CASE dataset and establish equivalence between the source and this local representation. | String | 1 |
| **dateCreated** | The date on which the element was created. | Date | 0..1 |
| **dateModified** | The date on which the element was most recently modified. | Date | 0..1 |
| **description** | A description of the item. | String | 0..1 |
| **identifier** | The identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links. | String | 1 |
| **inLanguage** | The language of the content. | [LanguageENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#languageenum) | 1 |
| **jurisdiction** | The geographic, political, or organizational authority under which a standards framework or individual item is published, adopted, or implemented. A jurisdiction typically refers to a state, territory, country, or governing education agency responsible for endorsing or overseeing the framework. | [JurisdictionENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#jurisdictionenum) | 1 |
| **license** | A license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL. | String | 1 |
| **name** | The name of the item. | String | 0..1 |
| **notes** | An optional, human-readable field that provides additional context, commentary, or clarifying information about a framework, grouping, or standard. | String | 0..1 |
| **provider** | The service provider, service operator, or service performer. | String | 1 |
#### Example
```json JSON theme={null}
{
"type": "node",
"identifier": "2ad51889-1547-50f9-b00b-0d986503e5c5",
"labels": ["StandardsFramework"],
"properties": {
"jurisdiction": "North Dakota",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"adoptionStatus": "Implemented",
"attributionStatement": "Knowledge Graph is provided by Learning Commons under the CC BY-4.0 license. Learning Commons received state standards and written permission under CC BY-4.0 from 1EdTech.",
"dateModified": "2024-07-11",
"identifier": "2ad51889-1547-50f9-b00b-0d986503e5c5",
"provider": "Learning Commons",
"name": "2023 North Dakota Mathematics Content Standards",
"inLanguage": "en-US",
"caseIdentifierUUID": "35e500e6-1f49-11ee-8722-0242ac1f0003",
"author": "1EdTech",
"caseIdentifierURI": "https://case.nd.gov/uri/35e500e6-1f49-11ee-8722-0242ac1f0003",
"academicSubject": "Mathematics"
}
}
```
### StandardsFrameworkItem
The `StandardsFrameworkItem` entity represents an individual statement or structural element within a standards framework. Items may be normative statements (e.g., a standard that specifies what students should know or be able to do) or organizational groupings (e.g., strands, clusters).
#### Properties
| Property | Description | Type | Cardinality |
| :-------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :---------- |
| **academicSubject** | The academic subject. | [AcademicSubjectENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#academicsubjectenum) | 1 |
| **attributionStatement** | A textual credit that acknowledges the source or creator of a work, included when required by the content’s license (e.g., Creative Commons BY). The statement specifies how the creator should be attributed in accordance with the license terms. | String | 1 |
| **author** | The author of this content. | String | 1 |
| **caseIdentifierURI** | A URI referencing the equivalent item in the CASE Network published by 1EdTech. This identifier can be used to trace the corresponding standard or structural element in the CASE dataset and establish equivalence between the source and this local representation. | String | 1 |
| **caseIdentifierUUID** | A UUID referencing the equivalent item in the CASE Network published by 1EdTech. This identifier can be used to trace the corresponding standard or structural element in the CASE dataset and establish equivalence between the source and this local representation. | String | 1 |
| **dateCreated** | The date on which the element was created. | Date | 0..1 |
| **dateModified** | The date on which the element was most recently modified. | Date | 0..1 |
| **description** | A description of the item. | String | 0..1 |
| **gradeLevel** | Specifies the educational grade for which the curriculum component is intended. | [Array of GradeLevelENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#gradelevelenum) | 0..n |
| **identifier** | The identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links. | String | 1 |
| **inLanguage** | The language of the content. | [LanguageENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#languageenum) | 1 |
| **jurisdiction** | The geographic, political, or organizational authority under which a standards framework or individual item is published, adopted, or implemented. A jurisdiction typically refers to a state, territory, country, or governing education agency responsible for endorsing or overseeing the framework. | [JurisdictionENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#jurisdictionenum) | 1 |
| **license** | A license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL. | String | 1 |
| **normalizedStatementType** | A normalized value that describes the broad functional role of a StandardsFrameworkItem within a standards framework. This classification distinguishes between instructional targets, structural elements, and supportive or contextual content, regardless of how those elements are labeled or structured in individual state or national standards. | [NormalizedStatementTypeENUM](/knowledge-graph/entity-and-relationship-reference/value-and-format-standards#normalizedstatementtypeenum) | 1 |
| **notes** | An optional, human-readable field that provides additional context, commentary, or clarifying information about a framework, grouping, or standard. | String | 0..1 |
| **provider** | The service provider, service operator, or service performer. | String | 1 |
| **statementCode** | A short, human-readable code that uniquely identifies a StandardsFrameworkItem within its immediate context. Typically used to refer to standards or elements in official documents, curriculum materials, or assessment systems. The statementCode is often alphanumeric (e.g., "3.NF.A.1", "A.1B", "MP1") and reflects the framework’s internal coding scheme. | String | 0..1 |
| **statementType** | A framework-specific classification that describes the local role or label of a StandardsFrameworkItem as defined by its source framework. Unlike the normalized frameworkItemType, which generalizes across systems, statementType preserves the vocabulary and taxonomy used in the originating standards (e.g., “Domain”, “Cluster”, “Strand”, “Benchmark”, “Practice Standard”). | String | 0..1 |
#### Example
```json JSON theme={null}
{
"type": "node",
"identifier": "b1c6207f-15e0-56a4-97f2-ebe9824395d0",
"labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"],
"properties": {
"jurisdiction": "North Carolina",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"gradeLevel": "[\"1\"]",
"attributionStatement": "Knowledge Graph is provided by Learning Commons under the CC BY-4.0 license. Learning Commons received state standards and written permission under CC BY-4.0 from 1EdTech.",
"normalizedStatementType": "Standard Grouping",
"description": "Communicating Ideas",
"dateModified": "2023-05-05",
"identifier": "b1c6207f-15e0-56a4-97f2-ebe9824395d0",
"provider": "Learning Commons",
"inLanguage": "en-US",
"caseIdentifierUUID": "00355e2b-623a-40c9-9425-03482290b790",
"author": "1EdTech",
"academicSubject": "Social Studies",
"caseIdentifierURI": "https://satchelcommons.com/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/00355e2b-623a-40c9-9425-03482290b790",
"statementType": "Category"
}
}
```
## Relationships
The relationships relevant for academic standards are:
* hasChild
* supports
* hasEducationalAlignment
### hasChild
A `hasChild` relationship connects a `StandardsFramework` to one or more structural `StandardsFrameworkItem`. These items serve as the top-level organizational elements of the framework that define the initial structure from which lower-level standards or competencies branch.
`(:StandardsFramework)-[:hasChild]->(:StandardsFrameworkItem)`
#### Example
```json JSON theme={null}
{
"type": "relationship",
"identifier": "d4aea202-d7cd-11e8-824f-0242ac160002",
"label": "hasChild",
"properties": {
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"targetEntity": "StandardsFrameworkItem",
"attributionStatement": "Knowledge Graph is provided by Learning Commons under the CC BY-4.0 license. Learning Commons received state standards and written permission under CC BY-4.0 from 1EdTech.",
"dateModified": "2018-10-24",
"description": "A hasChild relationship indicates that one entity serves as the parent of another, representing a hierarchical connection in which the target entity is a direct child of the source entity",
"identifier": "d4aea202-d7cd-11e8-824f-0242ac160002",
"provider": "Learning Commons",
"sourceEntity": "StandardsFramework",
"sourceEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID",
"author": "1EdTech",
"targetEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID",
"relationshipType": "hasChild"
},
"source_identifier": "e415efd0-4d66-5110-a399-7fe0045c3e32",
"source_labels": ["StandardsFramework"],
"target_identifier": "5229a150-dfb7-5990-bd84-36253a849b7a",
"target_labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"]
}
```
A `hasChild` relationship connects a `StandardsFrameworkItem` to one or more child `StandardsFrameworkItem`, enabling frameworks to represent hierarchical structures. These child items may be learning expectations, such as standards or competencies, or organizational elements like domains, strands, or conceptual groupings within the framework.
`(:StandardsFrameworkItem)-[:hasChild]->(:StandardsFrameworkItem)`
#### Example
```json JSON theme={null}
{
"type": "relationship",
"identifier": "60a14513-a156-4f61-a435-fcc078f6369d",
"label": "hasChild",
"properties": {
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"targetEntity": "StandardsFrameworkItem",
"attributionStatement": "Knowledge Graph is provided by Learning Commons under the CC BY-4.0 license. Learning Commons received state standards and written permission under CC BY-4.0 from 1EdTech.",
"dateModified": "2023-05-05",
"description": "A hasChild relationship indicates that one entity serves as the parent of another, representing a hierarchical connection in which the target entity is a direct child of the source entity",
"identifier": "60a14513-a156-4f61-a435-fcc078f6369d",
"provider": "Learning Commons",
"sourceEntity": "StandardsFrameworkItem",
"sourceEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID",
"author": "1EdTech",
"targetEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID",
"relationshipType": "hasChild"
},
"source_identifier": "3f4aafa4-8e59-5df8-8804-a8ff63c30e35",
"source_labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"],
"target_identifier": "f2056895-8538-53d2-8067-21474e0bc5db",
"target_labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"]
}
```
### supports
A `supports` relationship connects a `LearningComponent` to one or more `StandardsFrameworkItem`, indicating that the component contributes to the understanding or mastery of the associated standards, competencies, or other formal learning expectations. Each `LearningComponent` represents a discrete skill that helps a learner achieve the broader goals defined in the `StandardsFrameworkItem`.
`(:LearningComponent)-[:supports]->(:StandardsFrameworkItem)`
#### Example
```json JSON theme={null}
{
"type": "relationship",
"identifier": "f0859810-b725-50cd-93df-8020f4fddb6d",
"label": "supports",
"properties": {
"dateCreated": "2025-10-21",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"targetEntity": "StandardsFrameworkItem",
"attributionStatement": "Knowledge Graph is provided by Learning Commons under the CC BY-4.0 license. Learning Commons received learning components under CC BY-4.0 from Achievement Network.",
"description": "A supports relationship links one entity to another, indicating that the first contributes to the understanding, mastery, or achievement of the goals defined by the second",
"dateModified": "2025-10-21",
"identifier": "f0859810-b725-50cd-93df-8020f4fddb6d",
"sourceEntity": "LearningComponent",
"provider": "Learning Commons",
"sourceEntityKey": "identifier",
"author": "Achievement Network & Learning Commons",
"relationshipType": "supports",
"targetEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID"
},
"source_identifier": "0013fbee-3e76-500f-9978-42aa1a65f105",
"source_labels": ["LearningComponent"],
"target_identifier": "c4b66a26-f3cb-5a52-a982-4d11af78549a",
"target_labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"]
}
```
### hasEducationalAlignment
A `hasEducationalAlignment` relationship connects a `Course` to one or more `StandardsFrameworkItem`, specifying the academic standards, learning goals, or competencies the course is intended to teach, assess, or require. This relationship type is also used for other curriculum elements that align to `StandardsFrameworkItem`.
`(:Course)-[:hasEducationalAlignment]->(:StandardsFrameworkItem)`
#### Example
```json JSON theme={null}
{
"type": "relationship",
"identifier": "c770869c-3e19-5fbb-bcb1-a0469eb2eb6e",
"label": "hasEducationalAlignment",
"properties": {
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"targetEntity": "StandardsFrameworkItem",
"attributionStatement": "Knowledge Graph is provided by Learning Commons under the CC BY-4.0 license. Learning Commons received the scope and sequence of the Illustrative Mathematics 360 curriculum under CC BY-4.0 from Illustrative Mathematics.",
"identifier": "c770869c-3e19-5fbb-bcb1-a0469eb2eb6e",
"curriculumAlignmentType": "building_on",
"provider": "Learning Commons",
"sourceEntity": "Course",
"sourceEntityKey": "identifier",
"alignmentType": "teaches",
"author": "Illustrative Mathematics",
"targetEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID",
"relationshipType": "hasEducationalAlignment"
},
"source_identifier": "im:f18ee2b2-6b46-5c68-82d9-4b54f85a9be9",
"source_labels": ["Course"],
"target_identifier": "64cb2ac3-6f8d-55f5-bbae-6e4de98768e3",
"target_labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"]
}
```
## Schema release history
| Date | Changed |
| ------------------ | -------------- |
| September 23, 2025 | First release. |