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Curriculum datasets contain:
  • Content elements: The instructional materials that teachers and students engage with. The instructional content preserves the original curriculum’s hierarchy and sequencing.
  • Metadata: Contextual information that supports instructional decisions, sequencing, and coherence. Some metadata is inferred from the content, making implicit instructional dependencies explicit—so you can seamlessly analyze how concepts build over time.
By aligning curriculum datasets to Learning Commons’ K-12 curriculum ontology, we ensure that developers can query Knowledge Graph in a standardized way—without losing the distinctiveness of the original instructional design. Wherever harmonization was possible, we unified concepts; where uniqueness mattered, we preserved it. This transformation unlocks:
  • Interoperability: Different curricula datasets can integrate seamlessly with other learning platforms and datasets.
  • Scalability: We will apply this structure to additional curricula in the future, ensuring coherence across different instructional materials.
  • AI-Enhanced Instruction: Developers can query the data in a structured way, allowing AI-driven tools to provide more context-aware, pedagogically sound recommendations.
By structuring curriculum in a machine-actionable format, content is more accessible—laying the groundwork for a future where AI enhances, rather than obstructs, great teaching. NOTE: The ontology creates a formal vocabulary that represents entities such as objects, events, or abstract ideas. By providing a structured representation of data, an ontology enables machines to interpret, integrate, and reason about information more effectively. This ensures consistency, enhances interoperability across systems, and supports more precise data organization and retrieval.

Data relationship diagram

Curriculum Dataset Data Model Diagram High Level
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Entities

Curriculum is primarily expressed as the following entities:
  • Courses: A structured sequence of lessons covering a subject or grade level.
  • Lesson groupings: A collection of lessons, such as a unit or module.
  • Lessons: A focused instructional session within a course.
  • Activities: A discrete instructional task within a lesson.
  • Assessments: A specific type of activity designed to evaluate student understanding.
  • Materials: Representation of instructional content, such as readings, videos, or worksheets.
  • Classroom Materials: Physical tools or resources that support instruction but do not contain instructional content.
  • Glossary Terms: Definitions of terms used across the curriculum.
  • Instructional Routines: Named pedagogical structures (e.g., Think-Pair-Share, Number Talks) that support consistent teaching practices and student engagement.

Course

A Course consists of a structured sequence of instructional content and activities, designed to teach specific skills, knowledge, or competencies over a defined period. It typically encompasses multiple LessonGroupings, Lessons, and Activities, aligning with curriculum standards and intended learning objectives for a particular grade level or subject area.

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subject.AcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
courseCodeThe identifier for the Course used by the course provider (e.g. CS101 or 6.001).String0..1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was created.Datetime0..1
descriptionA description of the item.String0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learning.EducationalUseENUM0..1
gradeLevelSpecifies the educational grade for which the curriculum component is intended.Array of GradeLevelENUM0..n
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
lmsLoadingGuidanceIndicates the vendor’s guidance regarding whether this learning resource should be included when loading content into a Learning Management System (LMS). This property is advisory and may be overridden by local implementation policies. The value is selected from a controlled vocabulary.lmsLoadingGuidanceENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performer.String0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the provider.Datetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the provider.Datetime1
timeRequiredApproximate or typical time it usually takes to work with or through the content of this work for the typical or target audience.Duration0..1

LessonGrouping

A LessonGrouping organizes a set of related lessons within a curriculum. The naming and level of this grouping may vary across publishers (e.g., Unit, Module, Chapter).

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subject.AcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
courseCodeThe identifier for the Course used by the course provider (e.g. CS101 or 6.001).String0..1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was created.Datetime0..1
descriptionA description of the item.String0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learning.EducationalUseENUM0..1
gradeLevelSpecifies the educational grade for which the curriculum component is intended.GradeLevelENUM0..n
groupLevelThe position of a lesson grouping in a series or sequence of lesson groupings.Integer1
groupNameThe lesson grouping name (e.g., Unit, Section, Module).String1
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
isOptionalWhether the curriculum element is optional to complete.Boolean0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
lmsLoadingGuidanceIndicates the vendor’s guidance regarding whether this learning resource should be included when loading content into a Learning Management System (LMS). This property is advisory and may be overridden by local implementation policies. The value is selected from a controlled vocabulary.lmsLoadingGuidanceENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
ordinalNameA label that combines the item’s sequence number with descriptive text to indicate its order and context within a larger structure (e.g., ‘Lesson 1’, ‘Chapter 2’).String0..1
positionThe position of an item in a series or sequence of items.Integer0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performer.String0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the provider.Datetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the provider.Datetime1
timeRequiredApproximate or typical time it usually takes to work with or through the content of this work for the typical or target audience.Duration0..1

Lesson

A Lesson represents a focused instructional session within a larger curriculum structure, such as a LessonGrouping or Course, designed to achieve specific learning objectives. It typically includes activities, discussions, and assessments, and is intended to be completed within a defined timeframe, such as a class period or session.

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subjectAcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
courseCodeThe identifier for the Course used by the course provider (e.g. CS101 or 6.001).String0..1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was createdDatetime0..1
descriptionA description of the item.String0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learningEducationalUseENUM0..1
gradeLevelSpecifies the educational grade for which the curriculum component is intendedGradeLevelENUM0..n
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
isOptionalWhether the curriculum element is optional to completeBoolean0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
lmsLoadingGuidanceIndicates the vendor’s guidance regarding whether this learning resource should be included when loading content into a Learning Management System (LMS). This property is advisory and may be overridden by local implementation policies. The value is selected from a controlled vocabulary.lmsLoadingGuidanceENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
ordinalNameA label that combines the item’s sequence number with descriptive text to indicate its order and context within a larger structure (e.g., ‘Lesson 1’, ‘Chapter 2’).String0..1
positionThe position of an item in a series or sequence of items.Integer0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performerString0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the providerDatetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the providerDatetime1
timeRequiredApproximate or typical time it usually takes to work with or through the content of this work for the typical or target audience.Duration0..1

Activity

An Activity represents a discrete instructional task or exercise within a Lesson, designed for students, teachers, or both.

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subjectAcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
courseCodeThe identifier for the Course used by the course provider (e.g. CS101 or 6.001).String0..1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was createdDatetime0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learningEducationalUseENUM0..1
gradeLevelSpecifies the educational grade for which the curriculum component is intendedGradeLevelENUM0..n
gradingRequiredIndicates if the activity must be gradedBoolean0..1
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
isOptionalWhether the curriculum element is optional to completeBoolean0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
lmsLoadingGuidanceIndicates the vendor’s guidance regarding whether this learning resource should be included when loading content into a Learning Management System (LMS). This property is advisory and may be overridden by local implementation policies. The value is selected from a controlled vocabulary.lmsLoadingGuidanceENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
ordinalNameA label that combines the item’s sequence number with descriptive text to indicate its order and context within a larger structure (e.g., ‘Lesson 1’, ‘Chapter 2’).String0..1
positionThe position of an item in a series or sequence of items.Integer0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performerString0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the providerDatetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the providerDatetime1
studentGroupingTypeDescribes intended grouping structure for student participation in an activity, indicating how students should collaborate to achieve the educational objectives.StudentGroupingTypeENUM0..1
submissionRequiredIndicates if the activity must be submittedBoolean0..1
timeRequiredApproximate or typical time it usually takes to work with or through the content of this work for the typical or target audience.Duration0..1

Assessment

An Assessment evaluates a student’s understanding or mastery of knowledge, skills, or competencies through structured tasks or questions.

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subjectAcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
courseCodeThe identifier for the Course used by the course provider (e.g. CS101 or 6.001).String0..1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was createdDatetime0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learningEducationalUseENUM0..1
gradeLevelSpecifies the educational grade for which the curriculum component is intendedGradeLevelENUM0..n
gradingRequiredIndicates if the activity must be gradedBoolean0..1
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
isOptionalWhether the curriculum element is optional to completeBoolean0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
lmsLoadingGuidanceIndicates the vendor’s guidance regarding whether this learning resource should be included when loading content into a Learning Management System (LMS). This property is advisory and may be overridden by local implementation policies. The value is selected from a controlled vocabulary.lmsLoadingGuidanceENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performerString0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the providerDatetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the providerDatetime1
studentGroupingTypeDescribes intended grouping structure for student participation in an activity, indicating how students should collaborate to achieve the educational objectives.StudentGroupingTypeENUM0..1
submissionRequiredIndicates if the activity must be submittedBoolean0..1
variantAn identifier or label distinguishing different forms of the same assessment, which may vary in item selection, sequencing, or difficulty while maintaining equivalent measurement intentString0..1

Material

Materials represent instructional content (such as readings, videos, worksheets, images, or digital resources) that support learning activities within a curriculum.

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subjectAcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
contentThe content encoded as HTMLString1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learningEducationalUseENUM0..1
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
materialTypeA classification that indicates the role or purpose of a learning material within the educational context, describing how it is intended to support teaching and learning.StudentGroupingTypeENUM1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
ordinalNameA label that combines the item’s sequence number with descriptive text to indicate its order and context within a larger structure (e.g., ‘Lesson 1’, ‘Chapter 2’).String0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performerString0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the providerDatetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the providerDatetime1

ClassroomMaterial

ClassroomMaterials represent physical tools, supplies, or resources used to support instruction but do not themselves contain instructional content. (E.g., manipulatives, lab equipment, or presentation tools.)

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subjectAcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was createdDatetime0..1
descriptionA description of the item.String0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learningEducationalUseENUM0..1
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
positionThe position of an item in a series or sequence of items.Integer0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performerString0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the providerDatetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the providerDatetime1

GlossaryTerm

A GlossaryTerm defines vocabulary or concepts used within a curriculum, providing explanations that support comprehension of instructional content.

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subjectAcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was createdDatetime0..1
descriptionA description of the item.String0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learningEducationalUseENUM0..1
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
isOptionalWhether the curriculum element is optional to completeBoolean0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
lmsLoadingGuidanceIndicates the vendor’s guidance regarding whether this learning resource should be included when loading content into a Learning Management System (LMS). This property is advisory and may be overridden by local implementation policies. The value is selected from a controlled vocabulary.lmsLoadingGuidanceENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
positionThe position of an item in a series or sequence of items.Integer0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the providerDatetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the providerDatetime1

InstructionalRoutine

An InstructionalRoutine represents a structured, repeatable teaching strategy or pedagogical framework consistently employed within a curriculum to support instructional delivery and student engagement.

Properties

PropertyDescriptionTypeCardinality
academicSubjectThe academic subjectAcademicSubjectENUM0..1
audienceSpecifies the intended audience for a learning resource, indicating who the content is designed for or most relevant to.EducationalAudienceENUM1..n
authorThe author of this content.String1
curriculumLabelA curriculum-specific categorization of the resource. In Illustrative Mathematics, an introductory activity might have curriculumLabel: “warm-up”.String0..1
dateCreatedThe date on which the element was createdDatetime0..1
descriptionA description of the item.String0..1
educationalUseThis property classifies the resource based on whether it is used for delivering instruction or assessing student learningEducationalUseENUM0..1
gradeLevelSpecifies the educational grade for which the curriculum component is intendedGradeLevelENUM7xcld42bbfkk)0..n
gradingRequiredIndicates if the activity must be gradedBoolean0..1
identifierThe identifier of the item, either as textual strings or as URL (URI) links.String1
inLanguageThe language of the content.LanguageENUM0..1
isOptionalWhether the curriculum element is optional to completeBoolean0..1
licenseA license document that applies to this content, typically indicated by URL.String1
lmsLoadingGuidanceIndicates the vendor’s guidance regarding whether this learning resource should be included when loading content into a Learning Management System (LMS). This property is advisory and may be overridden by local implementation policies. The value is selected from a controlled vocabulary.lmsLoadingGuidanceENUM0..1
nameThe name of the item.String0..1
providerThe service provider, service operator, or service performerString0..1
providerDateCreatedThe date on which the element was created by the providerDatetime1
providerDateModifiedThe date on which the element was updated by the providerDatetime1

Relationships

The relationships relevant for curriculum are:
  • hasPart
  • hasEducationalAlignment
  • usesRoutine
  • uses
  • hasDependency
  • references
  • mutuallyExclusiveWith

hasPart

A hasPart relationship connects a parent curriculum element to its constituent components, allowing hierarchical organization of instructional content. This includes Courses containing LessonGroupings or Materials, LessonGroupings containing Lessons, nested LessonGroupings, or Materials, Lessons containing Activities, and Activities containing Materials.
  • (:Course) - [:hasPart] -> (:LessonGrouping|:Material)
  • (:LessonGrouping ) - [:hasPart] -> (:LessonGrouping|:Lesson|:Material)
  • (:Lesson) - [:hasPart] -> (:Activity)
  • (:Activity) - [:hasPart] -> (:Material)

hasEducationalAlignment

A hasEducationalAlignment relationship connects a curriculum element to one or more StandardsFrameworkItems, specifying the academic standards, competencies, or learning goals that the element is intended to teach, assess, or support. This alignment applies across Courses, LessonGroupings, Lessons, Activities, Assessments, and Materials. (:Course|:LessonGrouping|:Lesson|:Activity|:Assessment|:Material) -[:hasEducationalAlignment]->(:StandardsFrameworkItem)

usesRoutine

A usesRoutine relationship connects a curriculum element to one or more InstructionalRoutines, representing structured, repeatable teaching strategies consistently employed to support instructional delivery and student engagement. This applies to Courses, Lessons, and Activities. (:Course|:Lesson|:Activity)-[:usesRoutine]->(:InstructionalRoutine)

uses

A uses relationship connects a curriculum element to one or more ClassroomMaterials, such as handouts, manipulatives, or digital tools, which are necessary for delivery but do not themselves contain instructional content. This applies to Lessons and Activities. (:Lesson|:Activity)-[:uses]->(:ClassroomMaterial)

hasDependency

A hasDependency relationship connects a curriculum element to one or more prerequisite elements of the same type, indicating that prior knowledge, skills, or content must be addressed before the current element can be effectively taught or undertaken. This applies to LessonGroupings, Lessons, and Activities.
  • (:LessonGrouping)-[:hasDependency]->(:LessonGrouping)
  • (:Lesson)-[:hasDependency]->(:Lesson)
  • (:Activity)-[:hasDependency]->(:Activity)

references

A references relationship connects a curriculum element to other instructional content or resources in a non-sequential way, highlighting connections that reinforce, revisit, or contextualize knowledge. This includes Lessons referencing prior Lessons or GlossaryTerms, Activities referencing Lessons, and Assessments referencing Lessons.
  • (:Lesson)-[:references]->(:Lesson|:GlossaryTerm)
  • (:Activity)-[:references]->(:Lesson)
  • (:Assessment)-[:references]->(:Lesson)

mutuallyExclusiveWith

A mutuallyExclusiveWith relationship connects one Assessment to another, indicating that they are alternatives and should not both be administered due to overlap in content or intended purpose. (:Assessment)-[:mutuallyExclusiveWith]->(:Assessment)